The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling GRIMALDI family first seized control in 1297 but was not able to permanently secure its holding until 1419.
Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Monegasque 32.1%, French 19.9%, Italian 15.3%, British 5%, Belgian 2.3%, Swiss 2%, German 1.9%, Russian 1.8%, American 1.1%
Be gentle with pouring - never fill the glass more than half-way - alcohol is something that is to be savored, not guzzled. Never drink before every single person has been served, and never fill your own glass.
Barbagiuan — chard leaves, onions, ham, and parmesan-or ricotta-cheese-stuffed deep-fried pastries
High-income European economy; non-EU euro user; considered a tax haven; tourism and banking are largest sectors; negatively impacted by COVID-19; major oceanographic museum; among most expensive real estate; major state-owned enterprises